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Tupolev Tu- 2. 2M - Wikipedia. For the earlier, non- variable- sweep wing bomber, see Tu- 2. The Tupolev Tu- 2. M (Russian: . According to some sources, the bomber was believed to be designated Tu- 2.

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During the Cold War, the Tu- 2. M was operated by the Soviet Air Force (VVS) in a strategic bombing role, and by the Soviet Naval Aviation (Aviacija Vojenno- Morskogo Flota, AVMF) in a long- range maritime anti- shipping role. The bomber depicted is an early Tu- 2. M2, with distinctive air intakes. In 1. 96. 2, with the introduction of the Tu- 2. In addition to widespread unserviceability and maintenance issues, the Tu- 2. Its landing speed was some 1.

It was difficult to fly, and had poor all- round visibility. Initially, the bureau planned to add a variable- sweep wing and uprated engines into the updated design. The design was tested at Ts.

AGI’s wind tunnels at Zhukovsky. A response to the XB- 7. Not to be outdone, Tupolev, whose expertise is with bombers, offered the Soviet Air Force (Voyenno- Vozdushnye Sily, VVS) a massively- updated version of the Tu- 2.

However, the Soviet government was sceptical about the need to approve the development of a replacement aircraft so soon after the Tu- 2. The aircraft was designated Tu- 2.

M, given the OKB code . Their effort was successful as the government approved the design on 2. November 1. 96. 7, and decreed the development of the aircraft's main weapon, the Kh- 2.

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The existence of the aircraft was a shock to US intelligence as Nikita Khrushchev, who had been the Soviet premier up to 1. Chuck E Cheese Robots Hacked Iphone more. ICBMs would render the bomber obsolete. The result was a new swing wing aircraft named Samolyot 1.

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Aeroplane 1. 45), derived from the Tupolev Tu- 2. Tu- 9. 8. The Tu- 2.

M was based on the Tu- 2. Kh- 2. 2missile. The Tu- 2. M designation was used to help get approval for the bomber within the Soviet military and government system. Some suggested that the designation was deliberately deceptive, and intended to hide the Tu- 2. M's performance. Other sources suggest the . According to some sources, the Backfire- B/C production variants were believed to be designated Tu- 2.

Russia, although this is disputed by many others. The US State and Defense Departments have used the Tu- 2. M designation for the Backfire. With the deletion of the aircraft's in- flight refueling capability due to the START I treaty, the Tu- 2.

M's internal fuel capacity limits its operational range from its home bases to only around Russia's immediate sphere of influence. The aircraft began practice sorties in March. Within 2. 0 days of the aircraft’s delivery, the air and ground crew at the air base had received their type ratings; this was helped by their earlier training at Tupolev, the Gromov Flight Research Institute and the Kazan plant.

During the exercise, naval Tu- 2. M2s conducted anti- ship operations by mining parts of the Baltic Sea to simulate an amphibious landing. The exercise was extensively covered by the press and TV media. Eight aircraft locked onto the U. S. They came within 1.

The reaction of the U. S. Navy was thought to have been restrained during this event so as to allow the observation of the Tu- 2. M's tactics. It was deployed December 1. January 1. 98. 8, during which the aircraft flew strike missions in support of the Soviet Army's attempt to relieve the Mujahideens' siege against the city of Khost. Two squadrons of aircraft from the 1. Gv. BAP based at Poltava were deployed to Maryy- 2 air base in Turkmenistan. Capable of dropping large tonnages of conventional ordnance, the aircraft bombed enemy forts, bases and material supplies.

Sixteen Tu- 2. 2M3s were used to provide cover to Soviet forces that were pulling out of the country. The Tu- 2. 2Ms were tasked with destroying paths of access to Soviet forces, attacking enemy forces at night to prevent regrouping, and to attack incoming supplies from Iran and Pakistan. Working alongside 3. Mi. G- 2. 7s, the aircraft also from flew missions aimed at relieving the besieged city of Kandahar. These stemmed from poor manufacturing quality. The engines and airframes in particular had low service lives.

With some aircraft grounded for up to six months, the mission- capable rate of the aircraft in August 1. Production ended in 1.

The Russian Federation used the Tu- 2. M3 in combat in Chechnya during 1. Grozny. Aleksandr Koventsov, was missing in action. The Swedish air defense failed to respond. The Swedish Air Force sent two Saab JAS 3. Gripen fighters to mark their presence.

The Russian bombers did not enter Swedish territory. Unlike the Tu- 2. Tu- 2. 2Ms were not exported to Middle East countries that posed a threat to the US military presence in the region. At the time, the aircraft were expected to be delivered with Raduga Kh- 2.

Its NATO reporting name was Backfire- A. The first major production version, entering production in 1. Tu- 2. 2M2 (NATO: Backfire- B), with longer wings and an extensively redesigned, area ruled fuselage (raising the crew complement to four), twin NK- 2. N thrust each) with F- 4 Phantom II- style intake ramps, and new undercarriage with the main landing gear in the wing glove rather than in large pods. Tu- 2. 2M2 were built from 1.

The aerodynamic changes increased its top speed to Mach 2. Tu- 2. 2M2. It was nicknamed Troika ('Trio' or third) in Russian service.

The probe was reportedly removed as a result of the SALT negotiations, because with refueling it was considered an intercontinental range strategic bomber. Prior to 2. 02. 0 it is planned to upgrade 3. Tu- 2. 2M3 with new hardware components and adapted for the extended range weapons. Ukraine Soviet Union. Specifications (Tu- 2. M3). Archived from the original on 3. July 2. 01. 3. Archived from the original on 5 March 2.

Flightglobal. Archived from the original on 2. September 2. 01. 4. Retrieved 2. 7 September 2.

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